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1 a highly connotative word that often serves as a substitute for serious thought and well-reasoned argument.
Linguistics: purr-word (snarl-word)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > a highly connotative word that often serves as a substitute for serious thought and well-reasoned argument.
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2 applied cultural linguistics
Общая лексика: прикладная лингвокультурология (англ. термин взят из кн.: Palmer G.B., Sharifian F. Applied Cultural Linguistics: Implications for second language learning and intercultural communication.)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > applied cultural linguistics
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3 language for special purposes
s llengua d'especialitat, llenguatge d'especialitatDef. del Termcat: Subsistema de la llengua constituït pel conjunt de mitjans lingüístics propis d'un camp de coneixement i d'experiència particulars.Nota: Tot i que llengua d'especialitat fa referència preferentment a camps d'especialització temàtica, la forma anglesa language for special purposes (LSP) té un sentit més ampli i pot incloure altres usos específics, com ara el llenguatge periodístic. -
4 Association for Computational Linguistics
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Association for Computational Linguistics
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5 Association for Machine Translation Linguistics
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Association for Machine Translation Linguistics
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6 Center for Applied Linguistics
Общая лексика: Центр прикладной лингвистикиУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Center for Applied Linguistics
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7 Association for Computational Linguistics
1) Abbreviation: ACL2) Information technology: ACL (organization, USA)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Association for Computational Linguistics
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8 Association for Computer Linguistics
Information technology: ACLУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Association for Computer Linguistics
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9 Association for Machine Translation Linguistics
Abbreviation: AMTCLУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Association for Machine Translation Linguistics
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10 Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics
File extension: AMTCLУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics
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11 Center for Applied Linguistics
Abbreviation: CALУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Center for Applied Linguistics
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12 Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics
English-Russian electronics dictionary > Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics
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13 Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics
The New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics
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14 Logic
My initial step... was to attempt to reduce the concept of ordering in a sequence to that of logical consequence, so as to proceed from there to the concept of number. To prevent anything intuitive from penetrating here unnoticed, I had to bend every effort to keep the chain of inference free of gaps. In attempting to comply with this requirement in the strictest possible way, I found the inadequacy of language to be an obstacle. (Frege, 1972, p. 104)I believe I can make the relation of my 'conceptual notation' to ordinary language clearest if I compare it to the relation of the microscope to the eye. The latter, because of the range of its applicability and because of the ease with which it can adapt itself to the most varied circumstances, has a great superiority over the microscope. Of course, viewed as an optical instrument it reveals many imperfections, which usually remain unnoticed only because of its intimate connection with mental life. But as soon as scientific purposes place strong requirements upon sharpness of resolution, the eye proves to be inadequate.... Similarly, this 'conceptual notation' is devised for particular scientific purposes; and therefore one may not condemn it because it is useless for other purposes. (Frege, 1972, pp. 104-105)To sum up briefly, it is the business of the logician to conduct an unceasing struggle against psychology and those parts of language and grammar which fail to give untrammeled expression to what is logical. He does not have to answer the question: How does thinking normally take place in human beings? What course does it naturally follow in the human mind? What is natural to one person may well be unnatural to another. (Frege, 1979, pp. 6-7)We are very dependent on external aids in our thinking, and there is no doubt that the language of everyday life-so far, at least, as a certain area of discourse is concerned-had first to be replaced by a more sophisticated instrument, before certain distinctions could be noticed. But so far the academic world has, for the most part, disdained to master this instrument. (Frege, 1979, pp. 6-7)There is no reproach the logician need fear less than the reproach that his way of formulating things is unnatural.... If we were to heed those who object that logic is unnatural, we would run the risk of becoming embroiled in interminable disputes about what is natural, disputes which are quite incapable of being resolved within the province of logic. (Frege, 1979, p. 128)[L]inguists will be forced, internally as it were, to come to grips with the results of modern logic. Indeed, this is apparently already happening to some extent. By "logic" is not meant here recursive function-theory, California model-theory, constructive proof-theory, or even axiomatic settheory. Such areas may or may not be useful for linguistics. Rather under "logic" are included our good old friends, the homely locutions "and," "or," "if-then," "if and only if," "not," "for all x," "for some x," and "is identical with," plus the calculus of individuals, event-logic, syntax, denotational semantics, and... various parts of pragmatics.... It is to these that the linguist can most profitably turn for help. These are his tools. And they are "clean tools," to borrow a phrase of the late J. L. Austin in another context, in fact, the only really clean ones we have, so that we might as well use them as much as we can. But they constitute only what may be called "baby logic." Baby logic is to the linguist what "baby mathematics" (in the phrase of Murray Gell-Mann) is to the theoretical physicist-very elementary but indispensable domains of theory in both cases. (Martin, 1969, pp. 261-262)There appears to be no branch of deductive inference that requires us to assume the existence of a mental logic in order to do justice to the psychological phenomena. To be logical, an individual requires, not formal rules of inference, but a tacit knowledge of the fundamental semantic principle governing any inference; a deduction is valid provided that there is no way of interpreting the premises correctly that is inconsistent with the conclusion. Logic provides a systematic method for searching for such counter-examples. The empirical evidence suggests that ordinary individuals possess no such methods. (Johnson-Laird, quoted in Mehler, Walker & Garrett, 1982, p. 130)The fundamental paradox of logic [that "there is no class (as a totality) of those classes which, each taken as a totality, do not belong to themselves" (Russell to Frege, 16 June 1902, in van Heijenoort, 1967, p. 125)] is with us still, bequeathed by Russell-by way of philosophy, mathematics, and even computer science-to the whole of twentieth-century thought. Twentieth-century philosophy would begin not with a foundation for logic, as Russell had hoped in 1900, but with the discovery in 1901 that no such foundation can be laid. (Everdell, 1997, p. 184)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Logic
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15 Ассоциация машинного перевода и вычислительной лингвистики
Linguistics: Association for Machine Translation LinguisticsУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Ассоциация машинного перевода и вычислительной лингвистики
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16 фраза-клише (как правило , в журналистике), которую можно заполнить разными вариантами ключевых слов
Linguistics: snowclone (примеры: "If Eskimos have N words for snow, X surely have Y words for Z", ""To X or not to X")Универсальный русско-английский словарь > фраза-клише (как правило , в журналистике), которую можно заполнить разными вариантами ключевых слов
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17 фраза-клише , которую можно заполнить разными вариантами ключевых слов
Linguistics: (как правило, в журналистике) snowclone (примеры: "If Eskimos have N words for snow, X surely have Y words for Z", ""To X or not to X")Универсальный русско-английский словарь > фраза-клише , которую можно заполнить разными вариантами ключевых слов
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18 (устный) перевод для СМИ
Linguistics: interpreting for the mediaУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > (устный) перевод для СМИ
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19 когнитивный механизм обработки текста
Linguistics: cognitive mechanism for text processingУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > когнитивный механизм обработки текста
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20 методы представления когнитивных процессов
Linguistics: methods for representing cognitive processesУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > методы представления когнитивных процессов
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